Prompt like a director

Everything from my image and video workshop at Hulm Club, so you can keep making things. Press Copy, paste it into your tool, then fill in the [brackets].

Prompt like a director. Furquan Ahmad · Hulm Club · Tue 3 Nov. Images from Midjourney Explore.
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Prompts to copy

These templates apply the research below. The wording is mine, not from a paper, so change it until it works for you.

Images

Image template

Fill in the brackets. Aim for 20 to 40 words.

[Medium and style].
[Main subject, with its age, clothes and materials right next to it].
[Second subject and exact position: left or right, on which surface].
[Setting: place, time of day, weather, background].
[Light: key light direction, colour, shadows].
[Framing: shot size, camera angle, lens, aspect ratio].
What each colour means
Medium
What kind of image this isGoogle's guide has style in its formula
Subject
Who or what, with its details right beside itStruPO, ASQL: keep details with their object
Position
Where things sit in the frameT2I-CompBench++: models mix up positions. Exact layouts may still need an edit
Setting
Where it happensGoogle's formula: location and context
Light
Where the light comes from and its colourGoogle's guide: name the lighting
Framing
How close, what angle, which lensGoogle's guide: composition and camera

Is this backed by research? Each part is, but no paper tested this exact order. The order is my own checklist, so change it if something else works for you.

Filled-in example

A longer version from my research notes. It runs over 40 words, so try trimming it.

Editorial 35mm cinematic film still. A weathered 45-year-old detective in a damp olive-drab trench coat, walking along a wet asphalt street slightly left of frame, adjacent to a retro-futuristic black sedan on the right curb. Dense dystopian city alleyway at night with dark brick facades. Backlit by a pale blue overhead streetlamp with rim light on the coat, contrasted with warm magenta neon reflections in street puddles. Wide-angle full-body shot, low-angle perspective, 28mm lens at f/2.8, atmospheric mist, 16:9 aspect ratio.

Interview prompt

Paste into Claude, ChatGPT or Gemini.

You're a film director and prompt writer. I want an image of [your idea], made in [model].
Ask me up to 5 questions about the subject, setting, light and framing. Wait for my answers.
Then write one prompt, 40 words or fewer, in this order: medium, subject, position, setting, light, framing. Keep each object's details next to its noun. Describe only what should appear.

Art director prompt

Upload your image and paste your brief in the same chat.

Compare this image with my brief. Tell me the one slot to change, and rewrite only that slot.

Edit template

Change one thing per turn. Mask the area too if you can.

Change only: [one named thing].
Keep: identity (face, features, skin tone, body shape, pose), geometry, layout, lighting, camera angle, surrounding objects.
Constraints: no added accessories, text, logos or watermarks. Do not change anything else.

Reference prompt

Attach your images first, and say what each one is for.

Using the attached [image 1] as the [character, structure or style] and the attached [image 2] as the [location, texture or colour], create [new scene].

Video

Video template

Upload your locked frame first, then paste this.

Use my image as the first frame.
Camera: [one move, such as a slow push in].
Subject: [a verb you can see, with a direction].
Scene: [what changes over time].
Continuity: [what stays the same: faces, clothes, light].
Format: one shot, [8] seconds, 16:9.

Timed multi-shot template

For Seedance 2.5 and similar models. Give every shot its own start and end time.

[Duration], 16:9. [One sentence on what happens.]
REFERENCES: @name: [what to take from it, and what to ignore].
0 to 4s: [camera position, lens, move]. [Who is where]. BACKGROUND: [what's behind them]. [Action].
4 to 8s: [camera position, lens, move]. [Who is where]. BACKGROUND: [what's behind them]. [Action].
SOUND: [ambience, and any lines, each spoken once].
KEEP CONSISTENT: [faces, clothes, seats, what must not change].

Scenes

Supermarket: first frame

Make it yours: change the details.

35mm film still. An open carton of brown eggs on a supermarket chiller shelf, one egg cracked, beside plastic-wrapped chickens. Cold overhead light. Close-up, eye-level, 50mm, 16:9.

Supermarket: motion

Use after you've locked the first frame.

Slow push in on the carton. The cracked egg rocks and a yellow chick climbs out. Wrapped chickens burst their plastic and flap across the aisle. Same shelf, same cold light.

Jerusalem market: first frame

Make it yours: change the details.

35mm documentary still. A hungry traveller in a blue linen shirt, seen from behind, walks towards a shawarma stall. Stone arches above. Warm afternoon sun. Eye-level, 35mm, 16:9.

Jerusalem market: motion

Use after you've locked the first frame.

Handheld tracking shot behind the traveller. They weave between shoppers and stop at the stall. The vendor slices shawarma and hands over a wrap. Same blue shirt, same arches.

Writing prompts with an AI

Turn a guide into a prompt

Paste this into ChatGPT or Claude, with the guide for your model.

Here's the prompting guide for [model]: [paste the link or the text].
Write me a prompt for [your idea].
Ask me questions first if you need to.

Reference sheets

Character sheet

Make this first, then attach it whenever that character appears.

Create a 16:9 image: Character reference sheet on a plain grey background. [Who they are: age, hair, clothes, one standout detail]. Full body from the front, side and back, plus close-ups of their face and [the standout detail]. Same person and same outfit in every view.

Location sheet

Nine views of one place, so every shot feels like the same place.

Create a 16:9 image: Location reference sheet, a 3 by 3 grid of views of the same place. [The place: what it is, materials, colours]. Wide, medium and close views from different angles. Same place and same light in every view.

Use your sheet

Attach your sheet, then paste this.

Using the attached sheet as the character, create: [Medium]. This exact person, in the same clothes, [what they do], [where]. [Light]. [Framing].

Before and after

Real results from Gemini: the first image from each prompt, in a new chat, with nothing re-rolled. A structured prompt doesn't always give you a prettier picture. It gives you the picture you asked for, and shows you what to change next.

The supermarket

Before: A cool cinematic supermarket where the eggs hatch and the chickens come alive, hyperrealistic, ultra-detailed, 8k masterpiece, trending on ArtStation.
Before. A cool cinematic supermarket where the eggs hatch and the chickens come alive, hyperrealistic, ultra-detailed, 8k masterpiece, trending on ArtStation.
After: 35mm film still. Yellow chicks hatching from a carton of brown eggs on a supermarket chiller shelf, one chick on the shelf edge, beside plastic-wrapped chickens on the left. Cold overhead light. Close-up, eye-level, 50mm, 16:9.
After. 35mm film still. Yellow chicks hatching from a carton of brown eggs on a supermarket chiller shelf, one chick on the shelf edge, beside plastic-wrapped chickens on the left. Cold overhead light. Close-up, eye-level, 50mm, 16:9.

The loose one is fun, but the model chose the angle, the people and the whole scene. The second one is the shot I asked for.

The market

Before: A stunning cinematic masterpiece of a hungry person walking through a market in Jerusalem trying to buy a shawarma, hyperrealistic, ultra-detailed, 8k.
Before. A stunning cinematic masterpiece of a hungry person walking through a market in Jerusalem trying to buy a shawarma, hyperrealistic, ultra-detailed, 8k.
After: 35mm documentary still. A hungry traveller in a blue linen shirt, seen from behind, walks towards a shawarma stall. Stone arches above. Warm afternoon sun. Eye-level, 35mm, 16:9.
After. 35mm documentary still. A hungry traveller in a blue linen shirt, seen from behind, walks towards a shawarma stall. Stone arches above. Warm afternoon sun. Eye-level, 35mm, 16:9.

I got the blue shirt, the view from behind and the warm sun. It also added a backpack I never asked for, and my prompt forgot to name Jerusalem, so that's what I'd change next.

What the research says, in plain English

Much of this tested earlier models, so try it on yours.

  • Keep details next to the thing they describeStruPO, ASQL Conditioner
  • Aim for about 20 to 40 wordsStruPO
  • Words like 8k won't fix the layoutT2I-CompBench++
  • Need exact counts or positions? Edit it afterwardsT2I-CompBench++, ASQL Conditioner
  • Keep what works and change one thingAPPO
  • Something missing? Try again before adding moreZhang et al. 2024
  • Describe what you want to seeGoogle's Nano Banana guide
An oil painting of an elephant wearing round glasses, made in Gemini

The elephant and the glasses

Zhang et al. ran "A painting of an elephant with glasses" twice, each from different random noise. In the image that lost the glasses, attention favoured "elephant" by the middle of generation. In the one that kept them, the two words got roughly equal attention. The authors call the link a conjecture.

Both images used the same prompt, so word order doesn't explain the difference. If a detail goes missing, run it again before you rewrite the prompt.

This image is the same prompt in Gemini, on one try. The glasses are there, so this may be rarer on newer models.

Does 8k make a difference?

A bit for the look, not for the layout. In ImageReward, prompts with words like 8k and highly detailed were rated somewhat higher by people. That's a pattern across a group of words, not a test of 8k alone. T2I-CompBench++ found that padding out prompts didn't fix composition.

What about "no cake"?

Some newer models cope with it, so test yours. Google's guide still says to describe what you want ("empty street" instead of "no cars"), and Ban et al. found negative prompts can bring the object in if they act too early. So lead with what you want, and put any "no" last. That last part is my habit, not a finding.

The papers

Tools

Make video for free

Figma Weave's free plan has no video models, so try one of these. Free allowances change often, so check your own account.

Hopefully this helps you out! Tag me in what you make next, or feel free to reach out.